Special Needs School in New York City

The biggest problem of an autistic child is communication with a crowd. Hence, sending your autistic children to school can be a difficult task to accomplish. You might think that once your child gets admission in the school, the ball moves to the teacher’s court and they will take care of the education of the child.



The truth is that one must take care of the kind of school that the child attends has a great impact on the upbringing of child. Listed below are a few pointers that you must take of whether you are a parent of an autistic child or a teacher aspiring to teach autistic children. These pointers explain the best classroom environment where the child will learn properly and show remarkable improvement despite the learning disability:


  • The classroom should not be crowded with children. Autistic children do not like interacting with a large group of people at once. They take time to develop a comfort zone and in order to tackle them well they should be taught in small groups with one teacher attending to about 10 kids in one go. This gives the teacher time to attend each child.
  • The school for autistic children should refrain from having time bound lessons. Their ability to grab on to a lesson is lower and hence time bounded classes can lead to a lot of distraction and irritation in a child.
  • The activities in school should be easy to understand and of interest to autistic children. Rather than focusing on imparting book education to these kids, the important street-smart techniques should be taught so as to enable them to move about in the society without being dependent on someone else for the rest of their lives.
  • The school should not create report cards for autistic children. Every child is special in itself and creating a report card of its performance will only lead to hampering its confidence level. A progress report that helps the parents in understanding the graph is okay, but this should not be taken as a benchmark of the progress of the child.


Most special education school teachers in NYC will agree that a major share of students with learning disabilities have difficulty in processing, which affects their comprehension and reading abilities. This is why students who are lacking in reading abilities often write poorly as well. 

Even though encountered less frequently, there are disabilities which are specific to writing only. For instance, there is dysgraphia, which is better known as the difficulty faced in expressing one's thoughts through writing.



Reading disabilities are usually restricted to impairment of auditory and attention processing, while dysgraphia refers to problems pertaining to motor, spatial or visual processing.

Students suffering from dysgraphia exhibit the following symptoms in academics :-
  • Slow speed of writing.
  • Difficulty in jotting down notes.
  • Delays in writing achievement.
  • Handwriting and spellings are poor.
  • Issues in writing math problems.
  • Face difficulty in taking notes and paying attention to lectures simultaneously. 
  • Difficulties with hand-eye coordination or when using fine motor skills.

How can teachers of special education schools in NYC help students with writing disabilities?

The answer lies in the following suggestions :-
  • In case of any student with writing disabilities, their IEP (Individualized Education Program) document is consulted.
  • If attending a lecture is very important, then it must be ensured that the students are furnished a copy of the notes so that they can pay more attention to the lecture rather than jotting down notes.
  • Students suffering from writing disabilities are allowed to type instead of writing out the assignment. They are also taught the usage of a spellchecker.
  • In the case of assignments or tests, their time limit is extended.
  • There needs to be a specific learning goal for each written assignment. For instance, if the focus happens to be on the writing, the teachers are not harsh to the student regarding the handwriting and the spelling. On the other hand, if handwriting and spelling are the primary objectives, then the special education teachers go easy on the organization of the content. This way, alternating the focus between different skills helps them in making clear goals and at the same time, their skills are also worked upon.


We all are reluctant towards accepting changes in life. As for my child, it is more difficult since he has autism. While bringing him up wasn’t too much of a challenge for me until now, things were about to change soon.

It was time for his admission into an autistic children’s school.

In a meeting, a month before he was due to start school, we were told that it was usual for autistic children to get cranky when their morning routines before and after joining school did not coincide.

In order to prepare my child for school, I started by making small changes in his morning schedule.

As per the designated counselors at the autistic children’s school my son was due to join, children on the spectrum find it easier to adapt to a major change in multiple small steps, than to a single drastic change.

Following this logic, I started by changing his wake up time to an hour earlier as he would need time to get ready and have a healthy breakfast before leaving for school.



The second change I made was a big one.

I slowly introduced visual learning sessions to increase his grasping abilities. This would help him in paying attention and responding well in school.

According to the teachers at the autistic children's school, if students do not develop grasping and learning capabilities in advance, then sudden changes make them a little irritated and their interest tends to waver in class.

It was also essential to work on his social skills before he joined school as he would be learning alongside other kids, and this could make him uncomfortable.

Hence, in afternoons, I took him out to the park so that he could play with other kids.

These tips from the counselors and teachers at the autistic children’s school really helped in making the transition smooth for my child.


Now, he is comfortably settled in his new life and with the associated changes.
The Developmental, Individual Difference, Relationship-Based Model (or DIR model) refers to a comprehensive foundational model which utilizes affect-based interactions and experiences corresponding to the unique needs of special students to promote all-round development.

Developed by Dr. Stanley Greenspan and Dr. Serena Wieder, the model aims to discover the true potential of special students by building meaningful connections, and through communication, love and engagement to lay a healthy foundation for social, emotional and intellectual capacities, instead of focusing on isolated skills and behavior.



The DIR model is constructed around three primary insights, regarding the development of mind and the brain, whose details are-

Interaction

The DIR model is based on the premises that language and cognition, along with social and emotional skills are acquired through emotionally meaningful exchanges between the child and the caregiver. Since the brain undergoes rapid development in early childhood years, such interactions are fundamental in providing a sense of connectivity to students.

Researchers believe that lack of connectivity not only affects language and cognitive development of children, but might also hinder their physical growth. While emotions and experiences lead all aspects of development, the objective is to educate special students in a community framework to ensure interactive experiences and relationships.

Varying Motor and Sensory Processing Capacities

Several researches conducted to gain useful insight into processing capacities in early childhood concluded that children differ in their ways of responding to touch, sound and other sensations, which considerably affects their auditory, language, visual-spatial, motor and sequencing abilities.

The objective of the DIR model is to identify those differences to help students adapt across a broad range of abilities, rather than developing skills and behavior separately.

It can be accomplished by tailoring classroom environments to suit the unique needs of special students. Regular counselling sessions with occupational therapists and speech pathologists are also effective in developing individual processing abilities in children.

Interrelated Development


An essential aspect of the DIR model is the inter-relatedness of various aspects of development. Therefore, the effort should be to ascertain how language, social and motor skills are integrated in a child and how the components work together, as a whole, rather than assessing such skills separately.
From all the childhood stories that I have ever heard from my mother, this particular one stands to be one of my personal favorites.

Why?

Because it inspires me to stand up against all odds when things are looking down in life.

This is why I decided to share it with you all today.

I was a dyslexic child.



My mother, who wanted to teach me a few things before I joined school discovered my problem when she was trying to get me accustomed to the English alphabets.

She was very perturbed by the turn of events and starting losing hope for the bright future she had envisioned for me.

She always discussed her problems with my aunt, and this, being a major issue for her had to be talked about.

My aunt is one of the most well-informed and knowledgeable women I have known in my life.

She consoled my mother, citing examples of her neighbor’s child who had dyslexia.
The child, after joining a special needs school in NYC had been able to overcome his learning challenges and is now the topper in his class.

Like all mothers, my mother too was protective about me and saw a ray of hope with this discussion.

She searched for the leading special needs school in NYC and immediately got me enrolled in the one she deemed was best for me.

Apart from confidence building and the other creative exercises we did in school, the teachers at my special needs school advised my mother to take care of a few things at home to help in my learning.

They suggested my mother to ignore some of the errors I made while writing and pay more attention to getting the oral part correct first.

There were days when I clearly remember my mother and my aunt attending classes and therapy sessions with me, just to get a hang of the things that take place at the special needs school in NYC I was enrolled in.

Now that I am about to start practicing as a clinical psychologist, I would give full credit to my mother, my teachers at school and my aunt for believing in me.


Every time I feel bogged down about anything in life, I love having these sessions with my mom wherein she reassures me of my strength and capabilities through the story of how I conquered dyslexia.
The early emotional interactions of a child form the foundation of his/her intellect, sense of identity or self, communication skills, and his/her ability to relate and draw conclusions.

Children on the spectrum are no exception to this fact and Floortime therapy forms an augmentative factor that helps autistic children develop advanced problem solving, thinking, coping and adapting capabilities.


Floortime therapy is based on a simple line of thought that has unlocking a special child’s true potential through the relationship between the child and the caregiver at its core.

It is a method in which the child’s natural emotional interests are followed and the child is challenged to master his/her emotional, intellectual and social skills.

Following are the ways in which Floortime therapy helps children on the autism spectrum-
  • The child can be taught to communicate, relate and think emotionally.
  • It makes a child more open towards attachments and warmth.
  • Floortime therapy makes way for communication using gestures, which eventually leads to better verbal communication and increased use of words.
  • Autistic children learn to relate emotions with intent, words, thought and ideas.

Having said all of this, it is worth wondering if this therapy can make life easier for the parents of children diagnosed with autism.

On that note, let us discuss how Floortime therapy can be helpful for the parents as well-
  • It increases the sense of closeness between the parent and the child.
  • It helps in increasing the inherent feeling of competency within the parent when it comes to meeting the needs of the child.
  • Parents can better learn how to read their child’s cues and needs.
  • Through Floortime, parents can get more attuned to the behavioral patterns of their child.

These are only a few benefits of Floortime Therapy; apart from these, this therapy can also help in creating a harmonious and secure attachment between the child and his/her parents.
The aim of special education schools in NYC is to provide special students with equal opportunity to acquire the appropriate skills and knowledge, give them a chance to stand on their own feet, and maximize their potential as an individual and as members of the greater society.



The goal is to develop a suitable learning environment for special students as per their learning needs at an individual level.

It should be mentioned here that special education is an umbrella term that offers services to students suffering from physical, mental, learning or any other social-emotional challenges.

Special education considers every student with special needs as capable individuals with a multitude of talents and skills, around which a unique educational program is structured.

Thus, the focus is on individual progress and challenges rather than group-oriented studies and various measures are taken to ensure the same. It involves forming a certain educational plan for each student, keeping in view their different learning needs. It also includes exemption from common educational norms not suitable for students with special needs or the allotment of extra time and favorable exam locations.

Special education schools in NYC provide appropriate support and structure to students with special learning needs and also make efforts to improve their communication and emotional processing capabilities. It involves conducting music, occupational and psychological therapies.

Another important aspect of special education schools in NYC is the active involvement of parents in the education of their children. Their progress is discussed with parents at weekly scheduled meetings and in informal discussions from time-to-time.

Such meetings are also vital in helping parents overcome the challenges they might be facing in providing a wholesome upbringing to their children.

Some schools also assign a social worker who works as a mediator between parents and the school.


The aim is to provide special students with the apposite support and guidance in school as well as at home and help them succeed in various fields of their life.
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